艾比湖微生物多样性及其功能分析

地丽胡玛·阿吉; 常娜娜; 杜菲; 马正海

doi:10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2021.10.26.0004

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艾比湖微生物多样性及其功能分析

更新时间：2026-01-21

- 艾比湖微生物多样性及其功能分析
- Journal of Xinjiang University (Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English) Vol. 39, Issue 6, Pages: 720-726(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  新疆大学生命科学与技术学院新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2021.10.26.0004
  CLC： Q938
- Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
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[1]地丽胡玛·阿吉,常娜娜,杜菲,等.艾比湖微生物多样性及其功能分析[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文),2022,39(06):720-726.
[1]地丽胡玛·阿吉,常娜娜,杜菲,等.艾比湖微生物多样性及其功能分析[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文),2022,39(06):720-726. DOI： 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2021.10.26.0004.

DOI：10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2021.10.26.0004.

摘要

艾比湖（Ebinur Lake）是中国新疆最大的咸水湖，近年来受气候变化和人类活动的影响，湖面急剧萎缩，水体污染愈发严重，湖水中的微生物资源亟待研究和保护．通过多点采集艾比湖水样，提取总DNA，用细菌16S rRNA和真菌18S rRNA通用引物进行扩增，扩增产物经Illumina HiSeq平台进行高通量测序，使用BLAST、USEARCH、QIIME等软件和在线工具分析艾比湖微生物的多样性并预测微生物的功能基因组成．结果显示：从艾比湖水体样品中获得细菌和真菌的有效读序分别为80 290条和80 117条，聚类为486个细菌OTUs和391个真菌OTUs．细菌分属25个门158个属，其中：优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门；优势菌属为玫瑰变色菌属、盐单胞菌属和嗜冷弯菌属．真菌分属6个门94个属，其中：优势菌门为担子菌门和子囊菌门；优势菌属为芽枝孢属、散尾鬼笔属和隐球菌属．另外，艾比湖含有多种特有的嗜盐或耐盐的细菌和真菌．功能基因预测分析表明：艾比湖菌群多种代谢功能相关基因的丰度较高，并含有多种异源生物降解相关基因．艾比湖丰富多样的微生物资源，富含的嗜盐和耐盐微生物，其菌群含有的芳香族和有机氯等化合物降解相关基因，在湖泊污染物的降解和生物修复中可能发挥重要作用．

Abstract

Ebinur Lake is the largest saltwater lake in Xinjiang. In recent years

the climate change and human activities have caused the lake area to shrink rapidly and water pollution to become more serious. The microbial resources in the lake urgently need to be studied and protected. The surface water samples were collected at multiple points in Ebinur Lake

then the total DNAs of the microorganisms in the water were extracted. The 16S rRNA universal primer of bacteria and 18S rRNA universal primer of fungi were used for amplification. The above amplification products were sequenced by Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. The microbial diversity and functional gene composition of Ebinur Lake were analyzed by the software and online tools including BLAST

USEARCH

QIIME and so on. The results show that effective sequences of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA obtained from the water samples of Ebinur Lake were 80 290 and 80 117

respectively

which clustered into 486 bacterial OTUs and 391 fungal OTUs. The bacteria belongs to 25 phyla

158 genera. Proteobacteria

Bacteroidetes

Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were main phyla and Roseovarius

Halomonas

Psychroflexus were main genera. The fungi belongs to 6 phyla

94 genera. Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were main phyla and Cladosporium

Lysurus

Cryptococcus were main genera. In addition

Ebinur Lake contains a variety of halophilic salt-tolerant bacteria and fungi. Analysis of functional genes showed that there were abundant functional genes related to numerous metabolic processes

and some genes related to biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds. Ebinur Lake contains rich and diverse microbial resource

and which rich in halophilic salt-tolerant microorganisms

meanwhile

Ebinur Lake pollution is often accompanied by changes in microbial ecology

which may become a breakthrough point in lake management. The bacteria community in the lake contained genes related to the degradation of aromatic compounds and organochlorine compounds

which could play an important role in lake pollutant degradation and bioremediation.

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