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新疆大学 地质与矿业工程学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
Received:28 June 2024,
Revised:2025-12-31,
Accepted:02 January 2026,
Published:25 January 2026
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陆泽龙,张紫昭,张艳阳,史光明,黄军朋,于喜坤.基于模拟试验的停淤渗水工程在排导困难型泥石流灾害防治中的应用[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2026,43(1):116-128.
Lu Zelong,Zhang Zizhao,Zhang Yanyang,Shi Guangming,Huang Junpeng,Yu Xikun. Application of Seepage Engineering Based on Simulation Tests in the Prevention and Control of Debris Flow Disasters with Difficult Drainage[J]. Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English),2026,43(1):116-128.
陆泽龙,张紫昭,张艳阳,史光明,黄军朋,于喜坤.基于模拟试验的停淤渗水工程在排导困难型泥石流灾害防治中的应用[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2026,43(1):116-128. DOI: 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2024.06.28.0001.
Lu Zelong,Zhang Zizhao,Zhang Yanyang,Shi Guangming,Huang Junpeng,Yu Xikun. Application of Seepage Engineering Based on Simulation Tests in the Prevention and Control of Debris Flow Disasters with Difficult Drainage[J]. Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English),2026,43(1):116-128. DOI: 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2024.06.28.0001.
我国新疆北部区域存在众多排导困难型泥石流灾害,其出山口冲积扇上修建了省道、加油站等工民建设施,阻挡了泥石流进入主河的正常排泄,下游无法设置排导措施,故研究不具备排导条件或排导困难区域的泥石流治理方法及工程效应具有重要意义.本文以我国新疆阿勒泰地区布尔津县科克逊沟为对象(其在下游设置了拦水渗流排导区域),通过两组不同降雨强度的物理模型试验,基于过程影像和监测数据,研究排导困难区域泥石流渗流排导过程中坝前土压力、孔隙水压力和含水率变化特征,归纳泥石流的渗流排导模式,揭示渗流排导机理.结果表明:排导过程可概括为5个阶段.在50年一遇降雨强度汇流条件下,为沟道面蚀和下蚀阶段、沟岸侧蚀阶段、渗流排导阶段、渗流减速阶段、渗流结束阶段;在100年一遇降雨强度汇流条件下,则为渗流排导阶段、渗流减速阶段、水流漫坝阶段、坝后堆积体起动阶段、渗流结束阶段.沟道上游土压力曲线先升后降,下游因堆积导致土压力增大.孔隙水压力曲线与含水率曲线具有相关性,抬升特征明显滞后于土压力曲线;水砂分离后渗水区排水留砂,一定程度上影响了渗流速度,但渗流排导过程整体通畅,渗水防治工程具有较高的可行性.
Numerous debris flow disasters with difficult drainage exist in northern Xinjiang of China. Civil engineering facilities such as provincial highways and gas stations built on alluvial fans at the mountain outlets block the normal discharge of debris flows into the main river
making it impossible to implement drainage measures downstream. Therefore
studying mitigation methods and engineering effects for debris flows in areas with inadequate or difficult drainage conditions is of great significance. This study focuses on the Coxon ditch in Burqin County
Altay Prefecture
Xinjiang
China. At present
a water-intercepting seepage drainage zone has been established downstream of the Coxon ditch. Through two sets of physical model tests under different rainfall intensities
and based on process imaging and monitoring data
we investigate the variation characteristics of soil pressure
pore water pressure
and moisture content during the seepage drainage process of debris flows in drainage-challenged areas. The seepage drainage patterns are summarized
and the underlying mechanisms are revealed. The results show that the drainage process can be divided into five stages: under the condition of 50-year rainfall intensity confluence
which is
channel surface erosion stage
ditch bank erosion stage
seepage discharge stage
seepage deceleration stage
and seepage end stage; under the condition of 100-year rainfall intensity confluence
which is
seepage drainage stage
seepage deceleration stage
water overflow stage
accumulation starting behind the dam stage
and seepage end stage. The soil pressure curve in the upstream channel first rises and then declines
while downstream
soil pressure increases due to sediment deposition. The pore water pressure curve correlates with the moisture content curve
but its rising phase lags significantly behind the soil pressure curve. After water-sediment separation
the seepage zone retains sediment while draining water
which slightly reduces the seepage rate. However
the overall seepage drainage process remains efficient
demonstrating the high feasibility of seepage-based mitigation engineering.
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