遗传算法在瞬变电磁深度学习反演中的优化策略

吴文宇; 张莹莹; 吴新宇; 谢斌

doi:10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.03.31.0005

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遗传算法在瞬变电磁深度学习反演中的优化策略

更新时间：2026-01-23

- 遗传算法在瞬变电磁深度学习反演中的优化策略
- Journal of Xinjiang University (Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English) Vol. 42, Issue 3, Pages: 280-299(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.03.31.0005
  CLC： P631.325
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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[1]吴文宇,张莹莹,吴新宇,等.遗传算法在瞬变电磁深度学习反演中的优化策略[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2025,42(03):280-299.
[1]吴文宇,张莹莹,吴新宇,等.遗传算法在瞬变电磁深度学习反演中的优化策略[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2025,42(03):280-299. DOI： 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.03.31.0005.

DOI：10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.03.31.0005.

摘要

瞬变电磁一维反演技术已在地质工程中得到了广泛应用，但是该方法较为依赖初始模型，抗噪能力较差，难以实现实时反演．针对上述问题，采用卷积长短期记忆(CNN-LSTM)混合神经网络，利用回线源瞬变电磁一维正演程序得到的采样时间-衰减电压作为网络输入数据，同时采用Adam优化器与ReduceLROnPlateau学习率调度器相结合的优化策略自适应调整学习率．针对网络结构超参数设置依赖经验值、缺乏科学性导致的算力以及时间浪费问题，在模型训练阶段采用遗传算法(GA)对神经网络结构进行超参数寻优，提高模型性能．最终，在输出层得到与输入的电磁响应数据对应的深度-电阻率数据，实现瞬变电磁数据深度学习反演．利用训练后的GA-CNN-LSTM网络对随机生成的3层模型以及5层模型进行实时预测，测试集评价指标R2>0.9，验证了所提算法的可靠性．进一步对加噪数据进行反演，完成训练的神经网络对4种常见模型的平均反演用时为0.13 s，平均反演结构相似度达90.138%，两项指标均优于Occam以及LSTM反演方法．进一步对三维正演模型进行数据反演，验证了所提算法的泛化能力．最后，对实测数据分别进行了Occam反演和神经网络反演，在保证反演精度的同时，完成训练的神经网络仅用时0.73 s，表明所提算法具有实用性．

Abstract

Transient electromagnetic(TEM) 1D inversion has been widely applied in geological engineering

yet these conventional methods remain constrained by strong dependence on initial models

limited noise resistance

and inefficiency in achieving real-time inversion. To address these challenges

we propose a convolutional neural network-long short-term memory hybrid architecture tailored to the inherent characteristics of TEM inversion.Using loop-source TEM 1D forward modeling

we generate training data comprising sampling time-decay voltage pairs as network inputs. An optimization strategy combining the Adam optimizer with the ReduceLROnPlateau learning rate scheduler is implemented to adaptively adjust learning rates during parameter updates. In view of the problem that the hyper-parameter setting of the current network structure depends on the empirical value and lacks scientificity

which leads to the waste of computing power and time

the genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the hyper-parameters of the neural network structure in the model training stage to reduce the training cost and improve the model performance. The output layer provides subsurface resistivity-depth profiles corresponding to input electromagnetic responses

enabling deep learning-based TEM inversion. The trained GA-CNN-LSTM network demonstrates robust performance in real-time predictions for randomly generated three-layer and fivelayer models

with validation metrics yielding R2>0.9. Further evaluation using noise-contaminated data reveals that the optimized network achieves an average inversion time of 0.13 s and a structural similarity index of 90.138%across four common models

outperforming both Occam and LSTM inversion methods. Generalization capability is validated through successful inversion of 3D forward modeling data. These results demonstrate the algorithm's reliability

computational efficiency

and practical utility in complex geological scenarios. Finally

Occam inversion and neural network inversion are carried out on the measured data respectively. The trained neural network only take 0.73 s to complete the inversion accuracy

which verifies the practicability of the algorithm in this paper.

关键词

Keywords

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