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1.新疆大学 数学与系统科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
2.新疆医科大学 公共卫生学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
Wang Jie (1999—), male, master student, research fields: bioinformatics analysis, applied statistics, E-mail: 1336831741@qq.com.
Yang Lei (1981—), female, associate professor, research fields: epidemiology of the elderly, causal inference, E-mail: yanglei_616@xjmu.edu.cn.
Received:15 September 2025,
Revised:2026-01-05,
Accepted:06 January 2026,
Published:25 January 2026
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王杰,李逸晗,阿卜杜乃比·吾普尔,彭星,赵建平,杨蕾. 基于血浆蛋白和多基因风险评分预测未来精神障碍[J]. 新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2026,43(1):1-15.
Wang Jie,Li Yihan,Wupuer Abudunaibi,Peng Xing,Zhao Jianping,Yang Lei. Predicting Future Mental Disorders Based on Plasma Proteins and Polygenic Risk Score[J]. Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English),2026,43(1):1-15.
王杰,李逸晗,阿卜杜乃比·吾普尔,彭星,赵建平,杨蕾. 基于血浆蛋白和多基因风险评分预测未来精神障碍[J]. 新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2026,43(1):1-15. DOI: 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.09.15.0001.
Wang Jie,Li Yihan,Wupuer Abudunaibi,Peng Xing,Zhao Jianping,Yang Lei. Predicting Future Mental Disorders Based on Plasma Proteins and Polygenic Risk Score[J]. Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English),2026,43(1):1-15. DOI: 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2025.09.15.0001.
传统精神疾病诊断依赖主观症状评估,缺乏客观生物标志物,这阻碍了疾病的早期发现和个性化治疗.作为潜在预测工具的血浆蛋白和多基因风险评分(PRS),在推进精神障碍早期诊断方面展现出巨大潜力.本文旨在评估蛋白质组学特征与PRS在多种精神疾病(抑郁症、精神分裂症及创伤后应激障碍(PTSD))中的预测价值.基于英国生物样本库药物基因组学项目(UK Biobank-Pharma Proteomics Project)的参与者数据,通过最小绝对值收敛和选择算子(LASSO)分析筛选出与精神障碍相关的蛋白质,并整合多基因风险评分构建Cox回归风险预测模型.此外,采用6种机器学习方法和Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估了模型的预测性能.研究发现不同疾病存在显著差异:抑郁症患者中,血浆蛋白与PRS的联合应用显著提升了临床模型(C-index=0.632 2)的预测效能;精神分裂症患者中,血浆蛋白的加入虽能增强预测效果,但PRS未带来显著提升;而PTSD患者中,无论是血浆蛋白还是PRS,均未在临床变量基础上产生实质性预测价值.风险分层分析显示,这3种精神障碍模型均能显著区分高危与低危人群(抑郁症:
HR
=2.34,
P
<
0.001;精神分裂症:
HR
=5.47,
P
<
0.001;PTSD:
HR
=3.02,
P
<
0.001).尽管该模型在短期预测中表现优异,但其长期预测能力有所下降,未来需要进一步优化改进.本文揭示了不同精神障碍中生物标志物的差异性效用,并为精准精神病学中针对特定障碍的预测建模提供了理论依据.
Traditional psychiatric diagnosis relies on subjective symptom assessment
lacking objective biomarkers that hinder early detection and personalized treatment. Plasma proteins and polygenic risk score (PRS)
as potential predictive tools
hold promise for advancing early diagnosis of mental disorders. This study aims to evaluate the predictive potential of proteomic features and PRS in multiple mental illnesses (depression
schizophrenia
and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)). Using participant data from the UK Biobank-Pharma Proteomics Project
we screen protein associations with mental disorders through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and construct a Cox regression risk prediction model by integrating the PRS. Additionally
we evaluate predictive performance using 6 machine learning methods and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Our findings reveal distinct predictive patterns across disorders. For depression
integrating plasma proteins with PRS significantly improves prediction beyond the clinical model (C-index=0.632 2). For schizophrenia
adding plasma proteins enhances predictive performance
whereas PRS provides no significant improvement. For PTSD
neither plasma proteins nor PRS add substantial predictive value beyond clinical variables. Risk stratification analysis demonstrat that all three mental disorders models can clearly distinguish high-risk from low-risk groups (depression:
HR
=2.34
P
<
0.001; schizophrenia:
HR
=5.47
P
<
0.001; PTSD:
HR
=3.02
P
<
0.001). Although it shows good performance in short-term prediction
its long-term prediction ability has decreased
and it needs to be further optimized in the future. This st
udy underscores the differential utility of biomarkers across mental disorders and provides a rationale for disorder-specific predictive modeling in precision psychiatry.
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